Bash Basic Commands

• Let’s learn Bash basic commands for day to day work.
• We also call it Linux commands, or Terminal commands

Check your current working directory

• pwd stands print working directory

pwd

Goto home directory

• cd stands for change directory
• ~ Tilde stands for default home directory

cd ~

Change directory

• iwork/learn is a relative path where we want to go after change directory

cd iwork/learn

List all files/folders

• ls stands for list directory

ls

Make new directory

• mkdir stands for Make Directory

mkdir <directory_name>

Remove directory

• rm stands for remove
• -rf are options r recursive f force,

rm -rf <directory_name>

• Above command means delete the folder and all its files and sub folders recursively and don’t ask for permission hence force used

Essential Bash Commands for Daily Use

Command	Description	Example
ls	List directory contents	ls -la
cd	Change directory	cd ~/Documents
pwd	Print working directory	pwd
mkdir	Create a new directory	mkdir new_folder
rm	Remove files/directories	rm file.txt
cp	Copy files/directories	cp file.txt backup/
mv	Move/rename files	mv old.txt new.txt
cat	Display file content	cat file.txt
grep	Search text patterns	grep "search" file.txt
find	Search for files	find . -name "*.txt"
chmod	Change file permissions	chmod +x script.sh
ps	Display running processes	ps aux
kill	Terminate processes	kill 1234
top	Display system processes	top
df	Disk space usage	df -h
du	Directory space usage	du -sh *
head	Show first lines of file	head -n 10 file.txt
tail	Show last lines of file	tail -f log.txt
wc	Word count	wc -l file.txt
tar	Archive files	tar -czf archive.tar.gz folder/
ssh	Secure shell connection	ssh user@host
scp	Secure copy	scp file.txt user@host:/path/
history	Command history	history | grep ssh
man	Manual pages	man ls
echo	Display message	echo "Hello"
export	Set environment variable	export PATH=$PATH:/new/path